January 29, 2021
Before we start the monthly wrap-up of “What Happened On This Day” Amy asks, “If the first oranges were green, how did they come to be called oranges?” The word was introduced to English through the Spanish word “naranja”, which came from the Sanskrit word nāraga, which was the name of that particular tree. The “n” was dropped in English usage, and we thus have “orange.” We had the fruit before we named the color.
And now our monthly look back in history.
👉 On January 2, 1788, Georgia voted to ratify the U.S. Constitution, becoming the fourth state in the modern United States. Named after King George II, Georgia was first settled by Europeans in 1733, when a group of British debtors led by English philanthropist James E. Oglethorpe traveled up the Savannah River and established Georgia’s first permanent settlement – the town of Savannah.
👉 On January 3, 1521, Pope Leo X issued the papal bull
Decet Romanum Pontificem, which excommunicated Martin Luther from the Catholic Church. Martin Luther, the chief catalyst of Protestantism, was a professor of biblical interpretation at the University of Wittenberg in Germany when he drew up his 95 theses condemning the Catholic Church for selling indulgences, or the forgiveness of sins.
👉 On January 5, 1933, construction began on the Golden Gate Bridge, as workers began excavating 3.25 million cubic feet of dirt for the structure’s huge anchorages. The Golden Gate Bridge officially opened on May 27, 1937, the longest bridge span in the world at the time. The first public crossing had taken place the day before, when 200,000 people walked, ran and even roller skated over the new bridge.
👉 On January 6, 1838, Samuel Morse’s telegraph system was demonstrated for the first time at the Speedwell Iron Works in Morristown, New Jersey. In May 1844, Morse sent the first official telegram over the line, with the message: “What hath God wrought!”
👉 On January 9, 2007, Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs unveiled the iPhone – a touchscreen mobile phone with an iPod, camera and Web-browsing capabilities, among other features. The iPhone helped turn Apple, which Jobs co-founded with his friend Stephen Wozniak in California in 1976, into one of the planet’s most valuable corporations.
👉 United States Surgeon General Luther Terry knew his report declaring a link between cigarette smoking and cancer was a bombshell. He intentionally chose to release it on January 11, 1964, a Saturday, so as to limit its immediate effects on the stock market.
👉 On January 12, 2010, Haiti was devastated by a massive earthquake. It drew an outpouring of support from around the globe, but the small nation has yet to fully recover.
👉 In the midst of depression and a steep decline in his musical career, legendary country singer Johnny Cash played for inmates at California’s Folsom Prison on January 13, 1968. Despite the presence of armed guards, and the warden’s prohibition against standing during the show, Cash’s audience was raucous, invigorating the performers and lending a unique verve to the live recording. The album went to No. 1, and revived Cash’s career.
👉 On January 15, 2009, a potential disaster turned into a heroic display of skill and composure when Captain Chesley Burnett Sullenberger III safely landed the plane he was piloting on New York City’s Hudson River after a bird strike caused its engines to fail. David Paterson, governor of New York at the time, dubbed the incident the “Miracle on the Hudson.” The story was dramatized in the movie
Sully, starring Tom Hanks.
👉 The 18th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, prohibiting the “manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors for beverage purposes,” was ratified by the requisite number of states on January 16, 1919, and the nation became officially dry. In 1933, the 21st Amendment to the Constitution was passed and ratified, repealing prohibition.
👉 On January 17, 1953, a prototype Chevrolet Corvette sports car made its debut at General Motors’ (GM) Motorama auto show at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City. The Corvette, named for a fast type of naval warship, would eventually become an iconic American muscle car and remains in production today.
👉 On January 21, 1924, Vladimir Lenin, the architect of the Bolshevik Revolution and the first leader of the Soviet Union, died of a brain hemorrhage at the age of 54. His body was embalmed and placed in a mausoleum outside the Moscow Kremlin walls. Since 1924, a group of scientists has been tasked with maintaining the body. Every few days scientists visit the mausoleum to check on the body, where it is preserved under carefully calculated temperature and lighting, and every 18 months Lenin’s corpse is taken to a lab beneath the dimly-lit viewing room to be re-embalmed and washed.

👉 On January 22, 1988, Theodore J. Kaczynski pleaded guilty to all federal charges against him, acknowledging his responsibility for a 17-year campaign of package bombings attributed to the “Unabomber.” From 1978 to 1995, the former math professor with a genius-level IQ and a massive grudge against modern technology mailed or hand-delivered 16 homemade explosive devices to universities, businesses, homes and public areas across the United States, killing three people and injuring nearly two dozen more.
👉 On January 23, 1984, Hulk Hogan became the first wrestler to escape the “
camel clutch” – the signature move of reigning World Wrestling Federation champion Iron Sheik – as he defeated the Sheik to win his first WWF title, at Madison Square Garden in New York City. Hulk Hogan was born Terry Gene Bollea in Augusta, Georgia. The victory began what became known as “Hulkamania,” as Hogan’s phenomenal popularity led to a golden age for professional wrestling.
👉 On January 24, 1972, after 28 years of hiding in the jungles of Guam, farmers discovered Shoichi Yokoi, a Japanese sergeant who fought in World War II. Left behind by the retreating Japanese forces, Yokoi went into hiding rather than surrender to the Americans. In the jungles of Guam, he carved survival tools and for the next three decades waited for the return of the Japanese and his next orders. After he was discovered in 1972, he was finally discharged and sent home to Japan, where he was hailed as a national hero.
👉 On January 25, 1905, at the Premier Mine in Pretoria, South Africa, a 3,106-carat diamond was discovered during a routine inspection by the mine’s superintendent. Weighing 1.33 pounds, and christened the “Cullinan,” it is the largest diamond ever found. The Cullinan was later cut into nine large stones and about 100 smaller ones. There is speculation that the Cullinan broke off of an even larger diamond, which has never been found.
👉 Edgar Allan Poe’s famous poem “The Raven,” was published on January 29, 1845, in the
New York Evening Mirror. The first stanza sets the mood for the entire poem: “Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore – While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. ‘Tis some visitor,’ I muttered, ‘tapping at my chamber door – Only this and nothing more.’”
👉 With the stirring notes of the William Tell Overture and a shout of “
Hi-yo, Silver! Away!”
The Lone Ranger debuted on Detroit’s WXYZ radio station, on January 30, 1933. The Lone Ranger never smoked, swore, or drank alcohol; he used grammatically correct speech free of slang; and, most important, he never shot to kill. The televised version of
The Lone Ranger, staring Clayton Moore as the masked man, became ABC’s first big hit in the early 1950s.
👉 In 1988 McDonalds received permission from the Communist party to start the business in the Soviet Union. Two years later the first restaurant opened its doors in Moscow on Pushkinskaya square. At dawn on January 31, 1990
more than 5,000 people came to be the first at its opening. That day Moscow McDonald’s set a world record: it served more than 30 thousand visitors. People stood in line for over 6 hours, willing to get a taste of this unusual food. At that time it was the first fast food place in the whole country. McDonald’s on Pushkinskaya square is huge, with more than 700 seats inside and 200 outside.
👉 The author of “Great Is Thy Faithfulness,” Thomas Obediah Chisholm, was born in a log cabin in Kentucky. At age sixteen, he began teaching school, but his health was unstable, and he alternated between bouts of illness and gainful employment in which he did everything from journalism to insurance to evangelistic work. Through all the ups and downs, he discovered new blessings from God every morning. The third chapter of Lamentations 3 became precious to him: “His compassions fail not. They are new every morning; Great is Your faithfulness” (verses 22-23).
Thomas said there was no dramatic story behind the writing of “Great Is Thy Faithfulness.” While serving the Lord in Vineland, New Jersey, Thomas sent several poems to his friend, musician William Runyan, who was so moved by this one that he prayed earnestly for special guidance in composing the music. Runyan was in Baldwin, Kansas, at the time, and the hymn was published in 1923 in Runyan’s private song pamphlets.
“It went rather slowly for several years,” Thomas recalled. Then Dr. Will Houghton of the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago discovered it and it became an unofficial theme song for the Institute; and when Houghton died, it was sung at his funeral.
Still, it remained relatively unknown until popularized around the world by George Beverly Shea and the choirs at the Billy Graham Crusades.
Thomas died in 1960 at age 96. During his lifetime he wrote 1,200 poems and hymns.
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